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QML (Qt Meta-Object Language) layer style file is a file format used to define map layer styles. It is one of the domain-specific languages used in the Qt framework to describe and customize the appearance and behavior of UI elements.

MIF (MapInfo Interchange Format) is a vector data format used by MapInfo software to store the geometry and attribute information of geographic features. MapInfo is a commonly used geographic information system (GIS) software, and MIF files are one of its common data exchange formats.

ITRF2014 is the latest version of the International Earth Reference Frame. It is built based on multi-technical integrated observation data, providing high-precision earth coordinates and motion parameters, and providing a unified benchmark for geological research, space activities and geodesy.

SID (MrSID, Multi-Resolution Seamless Image Database) is a raster data format specially designed for the storage and distribution of geospatial images, developed by LizardTech in the United States. It is well-known for its efficient image compression technology and is widely used in industries that need to store and transmit large-scale image data, such as geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and mapping.

**SDB **(Spatial Database) is a data format used to efficiently store, manage, and parse geospatial data. It is usually one of the file geodatabase formats used in ESRI’s ArcGIS platform, and can store a large amount of geographic information in a structured manner. SDB is widely used in vector and raster data management in geographic information systems (GIS) and is suitable for large-scale spatial data processing and visualization.

Geodetic Coordinate System 2002, also known as GCJ-02 or nonlinear confidentiality processing technology for topographic maps, is a coordinate system for geographic information systems developed by the China National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation in 2002. It is an encryption algorithm for longitude and latitude data. By adding random deviations, the real coordinates are encrypted into false coordinates to achieve the confidentiality of geographic information. The Mars coordinate system is widely used in domestic map services, such as Amap and Baidu Maps, which must use this coordinate system to encrypt geographic locations.